Abstract: In order to enhance the productive capacity of land in arid region, improve the productive potential, and make the land resources to achieve a state of rational utilization. The author took the land remediation of Shanshan County as a case study, and combined with the characteristics of arid region to build and choose the assessment of the sustainability of land remediation from productbility, economy, ecology and social acceptability through data analysis, expert inquiry and peasant survey. Analysis showed that: land sustainability score had changed from 56.13 to 70.55 after land remediation. So the effect of land remediation was outstanding. It had improved the level of land use significantly. Economy had made the greatest influence on the comprehensive results in the four factors, ecology was the second and finally were the social acceptability and productbility.