Abstract: Neurospora spp., with odor, was common mould. In order to research the chemical component of volatile compounds from Neurospora spp. odor, 18S rDNA sequence analysis was used to identify Neurospora sp. strain FH-1 and GC-MS was used to analyze its chemical component of volatile compounds. The results showed: the 18S rDNA sequence of Neurospora sp. strain FH-1 (Accession no. KF312458) was 99% identical to that of N. crassa (Accession no. AY046271.1), and was identified as N. crassa; 13 ingredients had been found, of which 9 identified by GC-MS, accounting for 93.035% of the total volatile compounds; esters and alcohols were the main chemical components of volatile compounds, and 1-octen-3-ol with the highest content (relative content 80.663%) of them.