Abstract: In order to study on the law of spatial variability and dynamic change of the cropland furrow soil organic carbon, geostatistics and GIS were applied to analyze the spatial variability of cropland furrow soil organic carbon in 2009 and used spatial Kriging to analyze spatial distribution pattern and influence factors by using the field investigating soil sample data in 2009. Then the interpolation result was used to compare with the datum of the second soil survey and analyzed the dynamic change characters of SOC under different time sections. The result showed that the best fitted semivariogram model of cropland furrow soil organic carbon in Wenshan was exponential model and ranges of spatial autocorrelation was 4500m. Judging from the spatial distribution pattern, the distributions of SOC showed block characteristics, the content of SOC was found higher in the middle of the area, while lower in the south and north. In nearly 30 years from the second soil survey to 2009, there was clearly on the rise in the mean of SOC content which from 5.345 g/kg to 8.558 g/kg and the increases was 60.11%. Under different soil types, the increases were different. The biggest increases were Brown soil and the smallest was mortar black soil, the increases were 187.03% and 41.64% respectively. Under different land use types, the smallest soil organic carbon increase was 56.84% in paddy field and the largest increase of soil organic carbon was 87.75% in dry field. This study could provide a reliable basis for the increase of this area cultivated land production, carbon cycles of farmland ecosystem and sustainable development of agriculture.