Abstract: Euzophera pyriella Yang, which had caused a great economic loss to fruit industry in Xinjiang, is one of the unique fruit pests in Xinjiang. To further study the basic biological characteristics of Euzophera Pyriella Yang and provide theoretical basis for forecast and IPM, the developmental threshold temperatures and effective accumulated temperatures were analyzed with the method of effective accumulated temperature principle under the situation of constant temperature and variable temperature. On that basis, the prediction of potential geographic distribution of Euzophera Pyriella Yang in China was also studied by using the CLIMEX. The results showed that the developmental threshold temperatures and effective accumulated temperatures of Euzophera pyriella Yang for egg, larva, pupae and generation respectively were 7.32±2.39, 7.28±1.88, 4.06±1.87, 6.85±1.63 ℃ and 94.77±10.82, 525.09±51.27, 194.96±18.52, 806.14±65.75 degree-day. Euzophera pyriella Yang accomplished 3 generations per year in Aksu and Korla. The suitable habitats of Euzophera Pyriella Yang were Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Neimenggu, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, north of Jiangsu, north of Anhui, northwest of Hubei, north of Yunnan, most areas of Sichuan and small areas of east Tibet in China. This paper pointed out that the period of outbreak should be forecasted with the forecasting formula, and the measures of prevention and control were carried through timely. The quarantine was strengthened, and nonproliferation became feasible only through highly valuation.