Abstract: In order to study the SSR loci that closely associated with some chemical component of tobacco, total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, total alkaloid, potassium content and chlorine contents were detected based on the tobacco industry standard. 109 SSR primers were used to amplify the genome of 24 tobacco cultivars, 104 polymorphic sites were detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Association analysis of phenotype data and polymorphic site data showed that 8 SSR gene loci were significantly correlated with 5 conventional indicator (without total alkaloid) while the significance level was below 0.01. The main associated loci were located in the 8th linkage group, 3 SSR loci associated with sugar and total nitrogen simultaneously.