Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the effect of environmental variation and fertilization measures on the quality characters of ‘Zhengmai 366’, and to provide the theoretical evidence for production of strong gluten wheat cultivars with high quality, high yield and high efficiency. Samples were selected from different locations with ecological representative of the production, and plots were settled for experiments of N fertilizer application amount and period, and of N P K fertilizer balance application. The effect of environmental variation and fertilization measures on the quality characters of ‘Zhengmai 366’ was studied. The results showed that the quality of ‘Zhengmai 366’ in different locations and different years was relatively stable, which could be up to or overtake the quality standard of class Ⅱ strong gluten wheat with high baking quality in most regions of Henan Province. The stability time of Farinograph tended to decrease gradually at various locations from north to south and from west to east. The quality of ‘Zhengmai 366’ could be improved by increasing application of nitrogen fertilizer, and the quality of protein could be improved to some extent by staged application of nitrogen fertilizer. When the combined fertilization with N, P, K was 225:120:180, the yield, wet gluten content, wet gluten index, dry gluten content, stability time and softening of ‘Zhengmai 366’ appeared the best. While the strong gluten wheat cultivars are planted in large areas, the yield and quality could be improved simultaneously by combined fertilization with N, P, K. The quality of ‘Zhengmai 366’ was relatively stable. Attention should be paid to the N P K fertilizer balance application to improve yield and quality of strong gluten wheat varieties in large areas of cultivation process.