Abstract: Drought is one of the frequent natural disasters in Sichuan. To cultivate drought-resistant varieties is an economical and effective way to prevent drought. In order to explore the Sichuan wheat varieties (lines) of the drought resistance ability, identification of drought resistance on 15 varieties is drought shed method, and ‘Luohan 7’ as check variety. According to the "Technical Specification of Identification and Evaluation for Drought Resistance in Wheat" standard, the drought resistance index of ‘Chuancongzu125’ was the highest in 15 varieties. The drought resistant ability of W138, ‘10Jian236’, N08-51, BL227, ‘Chuan11131’, BL08512 and 10BMY12 were the medium level. The drought resistant ability of ‘Nan 30-7’, ‘Nei 3416’, L08-969, GHM3, ‘Nan 04-59’, HZ10-28 and Ym09-6 were all in weak level. The results showed that, the plant height was the worst affected by drought, drought resistance coefficient variation between 0.652-0.778, followed by effective panicles, drought resistance coefficient variation between 0.662-0.830, then grains per spike, drought resistance coefficient variation between 0.724-0.866, and finally 1000-grain weight, drought resistance coefficient variation between 0.807-1.013. According to the 15 wheat varieties (lines) results, the drought resistance of Sichuan wheat varieties was weaker than north wheat cultivars.