Abstract: As the research object of agro-industry development in Hunan Province, the research purposes is competitiveness of agriculture, selected the relevant data 1980 to 2011 of agricultural development in Hunan Province, using the dynamic shift- share analysis and dynamic deformation space shift- share analysis. Respectively, analysis with reference to the level of agricultural development in the five provinces of the country and the around areas, the results showed that the overall development of agriculture in Hunan Province showed a good momentum, and has played a positive role in promoting, relative to the national average said to have a certain competitive advantage. Relative to the surrounding areas, the farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries development are different, where farming and forestry have obvious space competitive advantages, but the animal husbandry and fisheries are not.