Abstract: To explore the effects of major agronomic traits on the yield of soybean, grey correlation degree analysis method was adopted to analyze the yield and agronomic traits of 16 soybean arieties and 12 points test in Huanghuai River Region, which provided a theoretic base for soybean breeding in Huanghuai River Region. The results showed that the order of the correlation degree of yield and agronomic traits was: the weight of seeds per plant ＞ branches per plant ＞ the plant height ＞ growing period ＞pods per plant ＞ the number seeds per plant ＞ main stem node number＞ height of lowest pod ＞ 100 seed weight. When we bred new soybean varieties, the weight of seeds per plant and branches per plant, the plant height and growing period were the prior factors for the yield.