Abstract: Henan Province is the biggest grain and agricultural province in China, but has many kinds of natural disasters of large damage. In particular, there are high frequency of flood and drought, which have caused heavy damage and loss. Taking two kinds of natural disasters as risk sources, using AHP method and GIS technique, by constructing integrated assessment model of ecological risk and computing integrated ecological risk value, the research firstly assessed ecological risk of flood and drought disasters in Henan Province, Then, by overlaying the geographical integrated division and assessed results in order to reduce risk of flood and drought disasters, at last, corresponding risk management countermeasures were put forward respectively aiming at the highest risk region in the central Henan Province, higher risk region in the east Henan Province, medium risk region in the north Henan Province, lower and the lowest risk region and lower risk region in the west and south Henan Province.