Abstract: This experiment was conducted in Xiaoyi City, Shanxi Province with the objective of clarifying the distribution characteristics of soil nutrients and further ensuring the smooth implementation of soil testing and fertilizer recommendation project. A total number of 3859 soil samples at 0-20 cm layers were collected by applying the grid sampling method, which covers 5 subtypes in all 3 soil types. Soil nutrients content such as organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were measured within a total or part of the samples. The results showed that the mean spatial variation of soil organic matter in the subtypes of soils was 13.2-24.8 g/kg, total nitrogen was 0.40%-1.17%, available nitrogen was 67-83 mg/kg, available phosphorus was 8.9-17.9 mg/kg, and available potassium was 123-170 mg/kg. In addition, significant differences of these soil nutrients content were observed among subtypes of soils. In general, all these nutrients presented the highest values in salined flavo-aquic soil, and followed by calcareous cinnamon soil, cinnamon soil and typically red clay soil. Meanwhile, the coefficient of variation of total nitrogen was the highest in different subtypes of soil with the CV value of 45%-107% , followed by the available phosphorus (CV 63%-76%), organic matter (CV 32%-58%), coefficient of variation of soil available nitrogen and potassium were lower to about 30%. Such distribution characteristics of soil nutrients should be considered in the strategies of fertilization recommendations on a basis of soil testing, so as to improve fertilizer use efficiency and further achieve the development of Xiaoyi agriculture in a healthy and sustainable way.