Abstract: This paper took Hubei Province as the study objective, adopted water carrying index and balance model of supply and demand and the method of mathematical statistics, to quantitatively calculate and analyze the water resources’supply and demand situation and water resources potential in Hubei Province on city scale. Based on the assessment of land-water balance analysis, the supply and demand situation of water resources and water resources potential, the authors carried out the study from the perspective of resources balance relation, used water resources carrying index to quantitatively study water resources situation in Hubei Province on province and city scale from 2000 to 2012. The results showed that: the per capita water resources of Hubei Province were of the national average. Hubei Province belonged to the regions of high water resources using efficiency with good development and utilization condition and great developing potential. However, water resources carrying capacity of Hubei Province was limited, with the increase of population in the future as well as the rapid development of industry and agriculture, on the basis of the existing water resources, water shortage will become a bottleneck of east-central city of Hubei Province.