Abstract: To explore the utilization value of 100 oat varieties which were provided by Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and screen high quality varieties that can be used directly, agronomic traits and genetic diversity were studied by using the field observation and comprehensive analysis. Agronomic characters analysis showed that: round number, plant height and weight stability were relatively good, could be easily selected in the breeding process. The coefficient of variation of the second leaf length and leaf width and the grain weight per spike were larger, their standards should be relaxed in breeding. Genetic diversity analysis showed that genetic diversity indexes of skin bare, grain color, stem and leaf wax were small. Relatively the indexes of grain shape, awn color, stem diameter and flag leaf were larger. The 13 quality oat varieties with drought resistance, disease resistance and precocious trait were screened through the identification, as well as 20 big spike and big grain varieties, and a series of single trait prominent varieties. These can provide the theory basis for oats varieties breeding and rational utilization of oat germplasm resources.