Abstract: To study the yield components of Perilla frutescens in material identification, the 50 Perilla frutescens materials from Guizhou Province had been planted in two areas for two years, and correlation and regression analysis were conducted on agronomic and yield components. The results showed that agronomic trait indexes of tested materials all had large variation，the C.V. and yield components analysis showed that plant height, spike number per plant and thousand seed weight were three most important traits in Perilla frutescens yield research, and regression analysis of yield per plant was carried out with those three factors, the results showed that yield contribution degree of the three factors were 0.037, 0.069 and 5.598 g, respectively. The results showed that the plant height, number of spikes per plants and thousand seed weight should be considered mainly in high yield breeding. These results would lay an important foundation for the material identification of Guizhou Perilla frutescens and breeding research of Perilla frutescens.