Abstract: Aiming to search for the influence of the different cultivation measure upon the ratooning rice yield and clarify the physiobiochemical mechanism of super high-yield under super high-yield cultivation practice, this paper studied their grain filling characteristics and ATP enzyme activity of the first rice crop by comparing the two cultivation practices: super high-yield cultivation practice and tradition one.The result showed that compared with traditional cultivation pattern, superior and inferior grains of the first rice crop under super high-yield cultivation pattern had stronger initial grain-filling potential, earlier in the time reaching the maximum filling rate, higher grain-filling rate, shorter grain-filling duration. In period of grain-filling, Mg2 -ATPase and Ca2 -ATPase activities of the first crop’s superior and inferior grains under super high-yield cultivation pattern were higher than those under traditional cultivation pattern, especially in the phases of rapidly raise after tassel. So the grain-filling of the first rice crop under super high-yield cultivation pattern displayed the features of earlier filling initiation, higher grain-filling intensities and higher pull in the evening of grain-filling, which contributed to transport more organic matter to panicles. All these were the reasons in physiobiochemistry and grain-filling characteristics why the first rice crop under super high-yield cultivation pattern had more panicles per plant, more grains per panicle, more height of grain and higher percentage of filled grains.