Abstract: The characteristics of drought resistance of wheat seedling period of physiological indexes, provide the basis for future theoretical basis for cultivating new varieties of drought resistance of wheat. Five different fertilizer and water types of wheat were studied under the water stress of 20% PEG-6000, and the drought resistance was identified under the condition of trough cultivation with rain-proof shelter. The results showed that five varieties of wheat soluble sugar and proline contents went up and the diversifications were consistent with the drought resistance. SOD and POD activity of protective enzyme system were reduced, the POD activity showed a trend of lower after the first rise. Membrane lipid per oxidation products MDA content increased. Compared with irrigated field cultivars, the soluble sugar and proline content of dry land cultivars ‘Qingmai7’ and ‘Lumai21’ were higher and its growth range was larger along with the stress time, the speed of accumulation of MDA content and SOD, POD activity, the reduce speed was relatively slow. The soluble sugar content, proline content and SOD activity and POD activity extremely significant correlation with drought resistance appraisal index and drought index, could be used as a preliminary identification of the early indicators of wheat drought resistance.