Abstract: In order to understand soil nutrient status in sugarcane producing area, and scientific fertilization according to soil nutrient abundance and deficiency conditions, realize high yield and high glucose of sugarcane ultimately, the author analyzed 737 soil samples from Gengma which had the largest sugarcane producing area in Yunnan. The results showed that, 95% of the soil in sugarcane producing area in Gengma was acid soil, organic matter content of 60% soil and available nitrogen content of 70% soil were above the average, while the available phosphorus content of 80% soil was below the average and phosphorus deficiency was serious. Available potassium content of 70% soil was below the average and potassium was deficient. The soil of Gengma was seriously short of phosphorus and potassium. According to the soil requirement of high yield and high glucose sugarcane cultivation, fertilization in Gengma should be keeping stable nitrogen with the increase of phosphorus and potassium.