Abstract: This study was conducted to explore the effects on Moringa oleifera seedling growth and nutrition deficiency symptoms under the cultivation condition of nutrient elements N, P, K, Ca deficiency, provide theory basis for Moringa oleifera nutrition diagnosis as well as high quality and efficiency cultivation. Sand pot method was used to carry out the experiment and five treatments were set to find out the response of Moringa oleifera seedling to different nutrient deficiency. The treatments were as follows: vegan (CK), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) deficiency, lack of potassium (K) and calcium (Ca). The seedling’s high net growth, the number of thick stems and leaves were measured. The results showed that the earliest deficiency symptoms of Moringa oleifera seedlings, which were the most obvious, were observed in N deficiency, and mainly appeared on leaf, the whole plant was light yellow, looked like a small plant and weak. No obvious symptoms were observed in seedlings that were lack of P and K. As to the treatments of N, P, K and Ca deficiency, Moringa oleifera seedlings’ high net growth and stem diameter were lower than that of vegan treatment groups, in which, N deficiency had the most significant influence on seedling high net increment and thick stems, suggesting that N element was the primary limiting factor to Moringa oleifera elongation and stem diameter growth. The effects of deficiency on Moringa oleifera seedling leaf number were not obvious. The results indicated that N, P, K, and Ca deficiency would have impact on Moringa oleifera seedlings to some extent, but not obvious, while nitrogen deficiency had the greatest impact on Moringa oleifera seedlings.