Abstract: The study aims to establish a high efficient regeneration system of the endangered species Opisthopappus taihangensis, and provide fundamental basis for protection and exploitation of the germplasm resource. The regeneration process from leaves and stems as explants and transplanting were studied in MS basic media with different combinations of plant growth regulators. The results showed that differentiation of callus to adventitious buds from leaves was more difficult than from stem section. Stem was the optimum explants for induction of callus and buds; the optimum medium was MS 6-BA 1.0 mg/L NAA 0.1 mg/L, in which the stem explants could regenerated by one-step method, namely, the callus was able to be reduced and differentiated to regenerated shoots, avoiding transferring to other media. The optimum rooting medium was 1/2MS NAA 0.2 mg/L. The transplanting survival rate of regenerated plantlets in garden soil reached 80%. This study simplified culture process and established a high efficient regeneration system of Opisthopappus taihangensis by one-step method.