Abstract: The aim was to identify the contaminative fungus from the culture media of mushroom Auricularia auricula- judae, screen the antagonistic bacteria and provide theoretical basis for further applications. Pure culture strain was obtained using tissue isolation method. Phylogenetic identification was based on ITS sequencing. The antagonist study was conducted with plate confrontation method. A strain numbered CP-1 was obtained. Partial ITS sequence was 571 bp (GenBank No. KP027411). It shared highest sequence similarity towards Neurospora sitophila and N. crassa with the value of 99% and 98%, respectively. CP-1 was identified as N. sitophila based on molecular and morphological identification. The Streptomyces strain BUAS13- 03 demonstrated the highest antifungal activity with the inhibition zone of 2.8 ± 0.3 cm. The strain CP- 1 was identified as N. sitophila. The Streptomyces strain BUAS13-03 manifested considerably high inhibitory activity towards CP-1. The present study is helpful for the further applications of biological control for N. sitophila.