Study on Photosynthetic Ability of Different Shoot Types of White Crabapple

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15030186

Abstract

Abstract: The study aims to explore and compare the photosynthetic ability of different shoot types of white crabapple. The ability of photosynthesis of shoot type of white crabapple was studied by measurement and mathematical simulation. The maximal photosynthetic rate of long shoot, middle shoot and short shoot was 16.3, 14.5 and 9.68 μmol/(m² ·s), respectively; and the quanta efficiency of photosynthesis of the three shoot types was 0.053, 0.047 and 0.042 μmol/μmol, respectively. The results showed that the photosynthesis ability of long shoot was higher than that of middle and short shoot. The total photosynthesis per unit grand area was 18.82, 5.19 and 1.73 μmol/(m²·s) of long shoot, middle shoot and short shoot, respectively, with PAR equal to 1500 μmol/(m²·s) on the top canopy. The results indicated that long shoot was conducive to improve fruit tree photosynthesis (about 73.15%) with high photosynthetic rate and leaf area.

References

[1] Restrepo- Díaz H, Melgar J C, Lombardini L. Ecophysiology of horticultural crops: an overview[J]. Agronomía Colombiana,2010,28 (1):71-79.
[2] 高照全,赵晨霞,程建军,等.我国4 种主要苹果树形冠层结构和辐射三维分布比较研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(1):63-68.
[3] Cherbiy-Hoffmann S U, Hall A J, Rousseaux M C. Fruit, yield, and vegetative growth responses to photosynthetically active radiation during oil synthesis in olive trees[J]. Sci Hortic,2013,150(4):110- 116.
[4] Wünsche J N, Lakso A N. Apple tree physiology—implications for orchard and tree management. IDFTA proceedings[J]. Compact Fruit Tree,2000,33:82-88.
[5] Wünsche J N, Lakso A N, Robinson T L, et al. The bases of productivity in apple production systems: The role of light interception by different shoot types[J]. J Amer Soc Hort Sci,1996, 121:886-893.
[6] 高照全,赵晨霞,张显川,等.苹果三维树冠的净光合速率分布模拟[J].生态学报,2012,32(21):6688-6694.
[7] Higgins S S, Larsen F E, Bendel R B, et al. Comparative gas exchange characteristics of potted, glasshouse- grown almond, apple, fig, grape, olive, peach and Asian pear[J]. Sci Hortic,1992,52: 313-329
[8] 杜占池,杨宗贵.十种草原植物光合速率与光照的关系[J].生态学报,1988,8(4):319-323.
[9] Johnson I R, Parsons A J, Ludlow M M. Modelling photosynthesis in monocultures and mixtures[J]. Aust J Plant Physiol,1989,16(6): 501-516..
[10] Duursma R A, Falster D S, Valladares F, et al. Light interception efficiency explained by two simple variables: a test using a diversity of small- to medium-sized woody plants[J]. New Phytol, 2012,193(2):397-408.
[11] Li K T, Lakso A N. Photosynthetic Characteristics of Apple Spur Leaves after Summer Pruning to Improve Exposure to Light[J]. HortScience,2004,39(5):969-972.
[12] Wünsche J N, Lakso A N. The relationship between leaf area and light interception by spur and extension shoot leaves and apple orchard productivity[J]. HortScience,2000,35:1202-1206.
[13] Urban L, Leroux X, Sinoquet H, et al. A biochemical model of photosynthesis for mango leaves: evidence for the effect of fruit on photosynthetic capacity of nearby leaves[J]. Tree Physiology,2003, 23:289-300.
[14] 高照全,吴晓云,陈长景,等.苹果三维树冠水分利用效率动态模拟[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(22):135-139.
[15] 王艳芳,潘凤兵,付风云,等.甲壳素对连作平邑甜茶生长、光合及抗氧化酶的影响[J].园艺学报,2015,42(1):10-18.
[16] 李晶,姜远茂,魏绍冲,等.不同施氮水平苹果矮化中间砧幼树光合产物的周年分配利用[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015.
[17] Li Kuo-Tan, Lakso Alan N. Photosynthetic Characteristics of Apple Spur Leaves after Summer Pruning to Improve Exposure to Light [J]. HortScience,2004,39(5):969-972.
[18] 高照全,冯社章,张显川,等.不同辐射条件下苹果叶片净光合速率模拟[J].生态学报,2012,32(4):1037-1044.
[19] 高照全,魏钦平,王小伟,等.果树光合作用数学模拟的研究进展[J].果树学报,2003,20(5):338-344.
[20] 冉辛拓,宋海舟,高志货,等.乐文全梨不同树形对光效能及产量品质的影响[J].园艺学报,2012,39(5):957-962.
[21] 高照全,冯社章,张显川,等.不同辐射条件下苹果叶片净光合速率模拟[J].生态学报,2012,32(4):1037-1044.
[22] Hassan H S A, Sarrwy S M A, Mostafa E A M, et al. Influence of training systems on leaf mineral contents, growth, yield and fruit quality of‘Anna’apple trees[J]. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences,2010,6(4):443-448.
[23] Jackson J E. Light interception and utilization by orchard systems [J].Horticultural Reviews,1980,2:208-267.
[24] Robinson T L. Interaction of tree form and rootstock on light interception, yield and efficiency of‘Empire’,‘Delicious’and‘Jonagold’ apple trees trained to different systems[J]. Acta Hortculture,1997,451:427-436.
[25] 束怀瑞.苹果学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999:455-458.
[26] Fujii J A, Kennedy R A. Seasonal changes in the photosynthetic rate in apple trees a comparison between fruiting and nonfruiting trees [J]. Plant Physiology,1985,78:519-524.
[27] Reich P B, Walters M B, Ellsworth D S. Leaf age and season influence the relationships between leaf nitrogen, leaf mass per area and photosynthesis in maple and oak trees[J].Plant, Cell and Environment,1991,14(3):251-259.