Abstract: In order to study the pathotype population variation and pathogenicity of cotton Verticillium dahliae in Wusu of Xinjiang, eight cotton V.dahliae strains from different cotton plants in this area were used as the materials for analyzing colony morphology, microscopic structure, pathogenicity, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence, evolution and vegetative compatibility (VCG). The analysis of colony morphology, microscopic structure and ITS sequence indicated that the eight collected strains belonged to non-defoliating type V.dahliae. The constructed phylogenetic tree indicated that strain evolution could be divided into two different ways. Eight strains had differences in pathogenicity, Vd-1 strain showed the highest pathogenicity, while Vd-34 strain showed the lowest pathogenicity. The vegetative compatibility analysis indicated that the strains with different pathogenicity belonged to two vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). Cotton verticillium wilt was caused by Verticillium dahliae in Wusu of Xijiang, pathogens had significant differences in evolution.