Abstract: In order to promote the sustainable development of livestock and poultry breeding, it is necessary to control the total amount of the livestock and poultry in a region based on environmental factor endowment. The author estimated the carrying capacity, permitted amounts and actual amounts of livestock and poultry in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone from 2000 to 2012. Moreover, basic thoughts on total amount control of livestock and poultry breeding were explored from the perspective of breeding scale and the ecological function regionalization. The results showed that the actual amounts were over the permitted amounts in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone from 2000 to 2012. Areas with higher actual amounts were Gaoan City, Dongxiang County, Yujiang County, Dean County and Nanchang County. The results suggested that the amount of livestock and poultry in these areas should be controlled and utilization efficiency of livestock and poultry manure should be enhanced, but in other areas such as Hukou County, Duchang County and Pengze County, the actual amounts were less than the permitted amounts, and the breeding scale in these areas had room to develop.