Abstract: The nutrient content in forest soil is poor and the operation for oak plantation is extensive in Chuzhou, Anhui Province. The effect of fertilization (compound fertilizer, N:P:K= 15%:15%:15%) on growth, biomass and caloric values of sawtooth oak was evaluated in this study. The experiment included four fertilizer treatments: 0, 0.15, 0.3, 0.45 kg/tree. The results showed that the tree height (H), diameter at breast height (DBH), ground diameter (GD) and biomass of sawtooth oak increased with the amount of fertilizer. All the maximal values of these variables were obtained in the 0.45 kg/tree treatment, the H, DBH, GD and stem biomass increased by 15.47%, 17.91%, 14.48% and 11.53%, respectively, compared with the control treatment. The dry weight calorific values of stem were significantly lower in fertilization treatments than that in the control treatment, reduced by 1.11% to 2.53% compared with the control treatment. The dry weight calorific values of branches, leaves and bark had no significant difference among different treatments. The energy of aboveground sawtooth oak was also enhanced with the amount of fertilizer. Therefore, using compound fertilizer can significantly improve biomass of sawtooth oak and effectively increase the energy output of woodland in Chuzhou, although fertilization reduces the thermal value of the trunk.