Abstract: To analyze land use change in LCP (Land Consolidation Project), develop a method to assess the effects of LCP on carbon emission, and assess the carbon emission in LCP, Baixiang County in Hebei Province was taken as the study area to assess the effects of carbon emissions on LCP. Based on energy consumption and land use change, carbon emission inventory methods were used to analyze the carbon emission caused by energy consumption in land leveling, irrigation and drainage, road construction, farmland protection and land use changes. The results showed that the total carbon emission caused by energy consumption was 469.77 tC. Land leveling project was a major source of carbon emission, accounting for 78.44% of the total carbon emission of engineering construction, country road engineering and irrigation and drainage engineering accounted for 15.69% and 5.86% of the total carbon emission, respectively. From the view of carbon emission per unit investment quantity and carbon emission rate of investment proportion, ecological benefit of the country road engineering and irrigation and drainage engineering were better than that of land leveling project. Land use change caused by land consolidation in Baixiang County made regional vegetation and soil carbon storage increase 748.58 tC, and carbon storage change of unused land was the largest. The increment of carbon storage caused by land use change was 1.59 times more than carbon emission in the entire construction process. And after the implementation of land consolidation project, carbon storage increased 278.81 tC, showing the effect of carbon sink. Based on these results, the suggestions including decreasing the quantity of land leveling project, reducing the consumption of fossil fuels, advocating using clean fuel and choosing new cultivated land which had lower carbon densities were put forward to decrease the carbon emission. In addition, more organic fertilizer, fewer pesticides and chemical fertilizers should be used to raise soil fertility.