Abstract: In order to explore asexual reproduction rooting mechanism of Tamarix taklamakanensis, under the condition of indoor cuttings cultivation, the morphologic observations were conducted and changes of soluble sugar and protein content in Tamarix taklamakanensis cuttings during rooting were measured. The results howed that the cuttings rooting type of Tamarix taklamakanensis was primordiums rooting, there was no callus on the cut and adventitious roots grew from the surface layer of the cuttings. The soluble sugar content increased firstly, then decreased and became stable in the last during Tamarix taklamakanensis cuttings rooting process, in the meantime, the soluble protein content reduced gently firstly, then had an accelerated rise. IBA could induce the endogenous nutrients formation of Tamarix taklamakanensis cuttings, with the variation range of soluble sugar and soluble protein content was significantly higher than that of the comparison. The variation range of soluble sugar and soluble protein content of one year hard branch cutting was higher than that of the perennial old branch, which was caused by the difference of the branch lignification degree and their metabolism strength.