Abstract: The paper aims to analyze the relationship between atmospheric electric field and particulate matter. Atmospheric electric field is sensitive to the change of various meteorological factors. The study of atmospheric electric field in a region is helpful to analyze the related weather processes and important to the study of climate characteristics in this region. The correlations between atmospheric electric field and atmospheric particles, wind speed, humidity and other related meteorological elements of two weather stations in Taiyuan Area during sandstorm weather were analyzed. The results showed that: atmospheric electric field had obvious differences between dusty and sunny weather, its value decreased rapidly when the dust arrived, and a large negative value was kept for a long time. Atmospheric electric field, PM10 and PM2.5 had dramatic changes on a dusty day, while the change of PM1.0 was relatively small. The absolute electric field value, PM10 and PM2.5 of dusty weather was 3.94-5.74 times, 2.07-5.89 times and 1.28-5.91 times higher that of sunny weather, respectively, PM1.0 of dusty weather was 0.25- 0.75 times lower than that of sunny weather. The different electrified mechanisms of various particle sizes and the different sources of particulate matter led to different correlations between atmospheric electric field and particulate matter, where PM10 and PM2.5 showed highly positive correlation and PM1.0 showed negative and low correlation. Due to the different underlying surfaces in city and suburb, larger coarse particles would be blown away by surface wind with higher speed and dust atmospheric electric field in suburbs was positive in some periods.