Abstract: In order to understand the soil fertility change in the middle and south plain area of Hebei Province since 1980s, the typical farmland fertility change rules in recent 30 years were analyzed with the data of“the Second National Soil Survey”and six positioning fertility monitoring stations built in 1998. The results showed that soil organic matter content, total N content and olsen- P content all had an increasing trend in all monitoring points, their data of 2014 increased by 18.8%, 9.1% and 78.2%, respectively, in comparing with those of 1998, and increased by 76.3%, 71.4% and 215.5%, respectively, in comparing with those of 1980s.Soil available K content declined and then increased from 1980s to 2014, the data of 1998 was 44.3% lesser than that of 1980s, and the data of 2014 was 47.7% higher than that of 1998. On the whole, the organic matter content and olsen-P content in 2014 reached middle to high level in all monitoring points, but had obvious differences among different regions. Soil available K content increased continually in recent years, but it was still lower than that of 1980s. Soil fertility in the middle and south plain area of Hebei Province needs further improvement to meet the high yield requirement.