Abstract: In many countries, Fusarium stalk rot is the most damaging fungal disease of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Fusarium colonizes the seedling root first, then infects stalk and cause disease during the post-flowering stage. Degradation of the pith tissue at or near the base of the stalk characterizes this disease. The number and size of the seed per plant reduce, which would cause the production reduction. Under severe conditions, the disease results in complete decomposition of root and stalk tissues and leads to lodging. This article focuses on the causal organism, disease symptom and loss, infection process, screening methods for identifying resistant lines, the genetic basis for host resistance such as SNP tags for resistance genes, and integrated control approaches, in order to select resistant varieties and provide technical support for the sustainable development of sorghum industry.