Abstract: The effects of low dose electron irradiation on rice growth and its related physiological mechanism were studied in this paper. Five doses (0-50 Gy) were used to irradiate the rice seeds, and the rice seedlings were cultivated in soil and nutrient solution respectively. The emergence rate and related agronomic traits and physiological indexes of rice were studied at tillering stage. The results showed that low dose irradiations (＜10 Gy) had no significantly negative effect on rice seedling emergence while high dose irradiations (30 Gy and 50 Gy) had obviously inhibitory effects. The half-lethal dose of electron irradiation in soil culture was about 50 Gy. 6 Gy irradiation had promoting effects on rice plant height and malondialdehyde content. Rice seedlings’chlorophyll, soluble sugar, and soluble protein content were increased under 6-30 Gy irradiation in soil culture. There were significant differences among different irradiation doses. The physiological indexes of rice cultivated in soil and nutrient solution were different, and the rice plants grew well in nutrient solution. We deduced that the radiation effects were alleviated to some extent when rice seedlings were cultivated in nutrient solution.