Abstract: To identify main characters of peanut varieties in various areas, and providing basis for related variety introduction, according to the results of regional test, we analyzed the breeding methods, main agronomic characters and yield traits of 688 authorized or identified peanut varieties in China. The results showed that 85.3% of the varieties were selected from cross breeding, in which simple crossing accounted for about 75.1%, and was the main method for the variety selection. Significant differences were existed in main characters among varieties from different provinces, the range of plant height, lateral branch length, branch number per plant and fruit branch per plant was 17.2 cm, 18.1 cm, 2.7 and 2.2, respectively, the range of 100 pod weight, 100 kernel weight and kernel rate was 41.46 g, 18.36 g and 8.46%, respectively, the range of fat content and protein content was 4.08% and 3.77%, respectively, and the range of yield was 1107.45 kg/hm². Fewer branches & fruit branch per plant were observed in southern varieties, and higher 100 pod and kernel weight were observed in varieties from Yellow River basin. Varieties from Yangtze River basin had higher fat contents and southern varieties had higher protein contents.