Abstract: In order to explore the influence of organic fertilizer application on tobacco growth, treatments of five types of organic fertilizers and one conventional chemical fertilizer were conducted, and the difference of photosynthesis of tobacco was analyzed. The results showed that at the testing time, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), water use efficiency (WUE), transient light energy utilization efficiency (SUE) and transient carboxylation rate (CUE) of fermented bean cake treatment were higher than that of other treatments, the value of the above indexes was 23.97 μmol/(m²·s), 8.5302, 0.1354 mol/(m²·s) and 0.0145, respectively. However, all the indexes of tobacco straw treatment were lower than that of other treatments, whose Pn was only 80.00% of that of the chemical fertilizer treatment and 72.55% of that of bean cake fertilizer treatment. There were differences of stomatal conductance (Gs) and WUE between the two organic fertilizer treatments of livestock waste and the fermented cow dung, and the difference of other indexes was not significant. In conclusion, there were significantly different influences of fertilizers on tobacco photosynthesis, all the organic fertilizers could keep fine photosynthesis and transpiration except the treatment of tobacco straw. The results implied that organic fertilizers not only provided nutriment, but also had the effect of soil improvement. This study has certain significance to soil improvement in tobacco field with long term continuous cropping and large amount of chemical fertilizer application.