Abstract: This study analyzed the composition similarity of fatty acids between spore oil from Ganoderma lucidum and six different vegetable oils, and discussed the possibility to indentify the Ganoderma lucidum spore oil using infrared spectroscopy. The composition of fatty acids of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil and six other vegetable oils were analyzed by gas chromatograph (GC). And their infrared spectra informations were collected by fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The fatty acids composition among different commercial brands of Ganoderma lucidum spore oils were close. Hierarchical clustering analysis based on the composition of fatty acids showed that spore oil from Ganoderma lucidum was most similar to rapeseed oil, followed by peanut oil and olive oil. Using the absorption peak at 1397.4 cm-1, 967.1 cm-1 and 913.7 cm-1, infrared spectroscopy can distinguish Ganoderma lucidum spore oil from other vegetable oils. The characteristic of infrared spectroscopy that can distinguish these spore oils from other vegetable oils provides a fast and effective way for Ganoderma lucidum spore oil authenticity identification.