Current issue

• 2017 Vol.33 No.5 Published:01 March 2017

  Correlation Studies on Yield, Protein and Palatability of Rice 2017, 33 (5):  1-5.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16060007 Abstract + ( 728 )   PDF ( 562KB )   ( 435 ) The study aims to clarify the relationship among yield, quality and the quality components. Combined with the regional test and production test, the total protein and soluble protein were determined, and the palatability of different varieties was tasted and tested. The results showed that the yield level of the 36 rice varieties was different, and it was divided into high yield variety and common variety. The high- quality palatability varieties were divided into different types, taste level was mainly affected by the straight chain starch and protein effects. The high protein content, alcohol soluble protein content significantly affected the palatability of rice. ‘Koshihikari’ and ‘Daohuaxiang 2’were the typical high-quality palatability varieties, and some new varieties with high- quality palatability also appeared in the market in recent years. The correlation analysis showed that the high-quality palatability variety had high yield, lower amylose content and low protein content.

  Effects of Different Densities and Growth Regulators on Yield and Agronomic Characters of Sorghum 2017, 33 (5):  6-9.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16030120 Abstract + ( 827 )   PDF ( 505KB )   ( 459 ) The aim was to determine the best coupling between growth regulator application and high-yield planting density of sorghum. By using sorghum‘Jinza 18’as material, two-factor randomized block design was carried out with different densities and chemical control agents, and three replications were conducted. Four gradients of chemical control agents were set up. The results showed that the density of 150000 plant/hm2 was the best. The photosynthetic rates of A1B2 increased by 15.55%, 22.22% and 24.44%, compared with A2B2, A3B2 and CK. The chlorophyll content of A1B2 increased by 7.01%, 9.72% and 17.06%, compared with A2B2, A3B2 and CK. The yield of A1B2 increased by 7.66%, 9.10% and 10.19%, compared with A2B2, A3B2 and CK. The plant height of A1B2 decreased by 2.01%, 2.76% , 4.83%, 6.45%, 10.3%, 6.21%, 11.7%, 13.78%, 21.38%, compared with A1B1, A1B3, A2B1, A2B2, A2B3, A3B1, A3B2, A3B3 and CK. Under the condition of low density, flexural strength was higher than that under the high density condition. A1B2 was the best treatment. Suitable concentrations of ethephon and chlormequat could promote physiological metabolism of sorghum and enhance photosynthetic performance, and finally increase grain yield. The optimum coupling between growth regulator application and high-yield planting density of sorghum was ethylene diluted 200 times spraying and sorghum planting density of 150000/hm2.

  Effects of Irrigations on Dry Matter Accumulation and Allocation and Yield of Wheat Varieties 2017, 33 (5):  10-16.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16070021 Abstract + ( 897 )   PDF ( 630KB )   ( 382 ) To study the effect of irrigation mode on the yield of wheat varieties, select and apply droughttolerant wheat varieties, and provide theoretical basis for drought-tolerant wheat breeding and popularizing water-saving cultivation technique, field experiments were carried out with 16 main popularizing winter wheat varieties in Henan. The accumulations and transports of dry-matter in no irrigation (W0) and watering twice (W2) were studied. The result showed that, the distributions of dry matter in different organs were basically identical between the two irrigation treats. The accumulation of dry matter in several organs displayed as stem＞ spike-stalk& husk＞3-up-blades＞other blades in flowering phase and grain＞ stem＞ spike-stalk

  Cloning, Sequence Analysis and Expression Vector Construction of MaSIP2-2 from Banana 2017, 33 (5):  17-23.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080046 Abstract + ( 1033 )   PDF ( 741KB )   ( 461 ) To further study the regulation of aquaporin expression and the mechanism in plants, we cloned an aquaporin gene MaSIP2- 2 from banana, meanwhile analyzed the gene sequence by the biology software and constructed the plant expression vector. Sequence analysis indicated that MaSIP2-2 had complete ORF, 780 bp, and it encoded 260 amino acids. Multiple sequence alignment and the phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that the protein encoded by MaSIP2- 2 was in high similarity with SIP-encoding protein in the other plants. The homology with amino acid sequences in Musa acuminate, Elaeis guineensis, Citrus sinensis, Phoenix dactylifera, Prunus mume, Theobroma cacao and Ananas comosus was 98%, 62%, 53%, 52%, 57%, 55%, 59%, respectively. The protein molecular weight of MaSIP2-2 was 28800.62 Da, and the theoretical isoelectric point (pI) was 9.13. The hydrophilic amino acids uniformly distributed throughout the peptide, and more than the hydrophobic amino acids. The expression vector of the gene was successfully constructed by PCR and identified by restriction enzyme digestion reactions. The research results showed that MaSIP2-2 was a member of the aquaporin small and basic intrinsic proteins, and provided base for functional verification in the future.

  Current status of study on natural distribution and utilization of wild Malus baccata ( L．) Borkh in China 2017, 33 (5):  24-28.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16100093 Abstract + ( 939 )   The wild germplasm resources of Malus baccata ( L．) Borkh distribute widely, and have diverse types, which showed great value of research and utilization. Natural distribution and taxonomic status of wild Malus baccata ( L．) Borkh in China were summarized, the result showed that the wild germplasm resources of Malus baccata ( L．) Borkh mainly distribute in the area north of Yellow River, distribute specifically in Northeast and Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Hebei, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Tibet and Yunnan in china; Malus baccata ( L．) Borkh belongs to Rosacea Maloiedae Malus. Mill． Subgen． Mauls Sect． Gymnomeles. Koehne Ser．Baccata(Rehd．)Rehd．Now some specific resources of wild Malus baccata ( L．) Borkh who are types of cold resistance, drought resistance, barren, resistance to alkali and waterlogging were found recently. At present the study on utilization of Malus baccata ( L．) Borkh mainly concentrated on breeding of cold resistance,multi- resistant rootstock,processing and landscape utilization, it were selected that the superior lines of varieties and rootstock which can be used for the production and the promising landscape types, deep processing products were exploited. In the future, we should continue to strengthen the research on protection and utilization of the wild resources of Malus baccata ( L．) Borkh, establish a set of operational evaluation system for specific characters based on the conventional techniques and modern molecular biology methods, improve the resource utilization efficiency, and strengthen the study on identification,separation and action mechanism of functional components for laying the foundation of the comprehensive exploitation of the wild Malus baccata ( L．) Borkh.

  Cloning and Expression Analysis of 4CL Gene Promoter of Betula platyphylla 2017, 33 (5):  29-34.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16040031 Abstract + ( 812 )   PDF ( 801KB )   ( 603 ) In order to investigate the tissue-specific expression of 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase (4CL) gene in monomer lignin synthesis pathway of birch we cloned the promoter of 4CL gene using the Chromosome Walking method and used it to replace the 35S promoter of pBI121 plant expression vector directionally to construct the recombination vector P4CL:: GUS. The recombination vectors were transformed into the birch using the transient transformation system and the GUS staining were performed. The results suggested that we got the 1344bp promoter sequence upstream from the initiation codon. In this promoter region, in addition to the TATA-box, CAAT-box elements which is the basic components for the transcription initiation, there are a number of cis-acting element sequence including: the 35S promoter element ASF; cis-acting element ABRE participating in the abscisic acid response; cis-regulatory elements CGTCA-motif involved in methyl jasmonate response; and the light responsive element G-Box, ACE, 4CL-CMA2b,etc. The result of GUS staining showed that the stem segments of transgene birch were blue. All of these results suggested that the 4CL promoter has the promoter activity and it may be involved in the development of birch xylem.

  Differences of Biological Characteristics and Nitrogen Metabolism Between‘Yuyan 9’and ‘Zhongyan 100’Flue-cured Tobacco in Seedling Stage 2017, 33 (5):  35-39.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16040036 Abstract + ( 629 )   PDF ( 524KB )   ( 386 ) The objective was to further investigate the differences of varietal characteristics between highproficient nitrogen variety‘Yuyan 9’and low-proficient nitrogen variety‘Zhongyan 100’. Studies on the biological characteristics and nitrogen metabolism of‘Yuyan 9’and‘Zhongyan 100’in seedling stage were carried out. The seedlings of‘Yuyan 9’and‘Zhongyan 100’were cultured by matrix floating, and the biology of leaf and root was investigated. The nitrogen metabolism indices of hydroponic seedlings were detected under different nitrogen concentrations. The results showed that, in seedling stage, significant differences of biological characteristics were observed between‘Yuyan 9’and‘Zhongyan 100’. The total leaf area, dry matter accumulation, root length, root surface area and root volume of‘Yuyan 9’were all significantly higher than those of‘Zhongyan 100’. The nitrate reductase activity (NRA) of leaves was significantly higher than that of veins; compared with low nitrogen condition, the NRA of leaves and veins were both higher in high nitrogen condition; regardless of the leaf parts and nitrogen conditions, the NRA of‘Yuyan 9’was always higher than that of‘Zhongyan 100’. In both high and low nitrogen conditions, the nitrogen concentration and SPAD of ‘Yuyan 9’were both higher than those of‘Zhongyan 100’. These results indicated that the material synthesis and nitrogen accumulation abilities of‘Yuyan 9’were significantly higher than those of‘Zhongyan 100’

  Optimization of SSR-PCR Reaction System and Primer Selection in Orychophragmus violaceus 2017, 33 (5):  40-46.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16030136 Abstract + ( 720 )   PDF ( 1047KB )   ( 497 ) In order to establish and optimize the SSR-PCR reaction system of Orychophragmus violaceus, the L25 (56) orthogonal design was applied to optimize the five main factors (DNA template, Mg2 , dNTPs, primers and Taq enzyme) at five levels of SSR-PCR reaction system in this study. The PCR result was analyzed to select the best levels of the five factors, and a suitable SSR reaction system for Orychophragmus violaceus was established. The result showed that the optimal SSR-PCR system of 10 μL volumes consisted of 2.0 mmol/L Mg2 , 0.4 mmol/L dNTPs, 0.6 μmol/L primer, 20 ng DNA template, and 0.6 U Taq polymerase. The optimized SSR-PCR reaction system was used to verify with three Orychophragmus violaceus germplasms, 12 primer pairs were selected with clear banding patterns and abundant polymorphism bands from 50 primer pairs, and the result showed that the optimal reaction system had excellent stability and generality. The establishment of SSR-PCR reaction system provides a theoretical basis and technical references for molecular biology research on Orychophragmus violaceus.

  Analysis and Evaluation of Main Fertility Index of the Middle Reaches of the Nujiang Basin 赵宏,, and 2017, 33 (5):  47-53.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1297 Abstract + ( 916 )   PDF ( 674KB )   ( 422 ) The study aims to guide agricultural production practices in the middle reaches of the Nujiang Basin, improve production efficiency, cut the cost of fertilizer inputs and to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus loss caused by water pollution. Through nutritive element content determination and statistical analysis of 110 soil samples from Gongshan, Fugong, Lushui of midstream of Nujiang Basin, the authors analyzed and evaluated soil pH conditions and fertility indicators in the three counties. The results showed that: pH of 110 soil samples ranged between 5.5 and 7.5, with an average of 6.5 and coefficient of variation of 7.47%. Most soil appears neutral, some soil was acidity and weak acid, not conducive to the growth of crops and could reduce the utilization rate of fertilizer; some soil was weakly alkaline, which could increase ammonia volatile to reduce nitrogen fertilizer utilization. Alkaline soil could reduce the absorption ratio of nutritive elements in the soil,therefore alkaline pH regulator was recommended to improve soil pH, made it suitable for agricultural samples was 6.0 g/kg to 34.0 g/kg, with an average of 18.20 g/kg and coefficient of variation of 38.81%. The overall content of soil organic matter was low, and needed more organic fertilizer to improve soil organic matter content. Soil TN content was between 0.31 g/kg and 1.70 g/kg, the average content was 1.24 g/kg, and the coefficient of variation was 26.71%. Soil TN content was at medium level, soil with lower total nitrogen needed more nitrogen fertilizer to improve soil nitrogen supply ability. Soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content was between 11.6 mg/kg and 128.6 mg/kg, with an average of 81.8 mg/kg and coefficient of variation of 29.79%. Soil available phosphorus content was between 0.1 mg/kg and 36.2 mg/kg, with an average of 15.4 mg / kg and coefficient of variation of 60.69%. Soil available phosphorus content variation was considerable, soil of phosphorus deficiency needed more phosphorus fertilizer to improve the soil fertility. Soil available potassium content ranged between 19.3 mg/kg and 110.0 mg/kg, with an average of 62.8 mg/kg and the coefficient of variation of only 33.98%. Most soil needed potassium fertilizer to improve soil potassium content and increase crop yield and quality. Therefore, the authors suggested that the application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer should go along with the control and regulation of soil pH to improve the utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, and cultivating land according to local condition by application of organic and potash fertilizer.

  Soil Nutrient Characteristic of Different Forest Communities in Naban Basin Nature Reserve 2017, 33 (5):  54-60.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080029 Abstract + ( 617 )   PDF ( 499KB )   ( 407 ) To study current ecological situation of soil in different forest types and provide basic data and instruction for management and protection of forest resources, and further understand forest ecosystem, the methods of field investigation and laboratory testing were adopted to analyze soil nutrients and their distribution characteristic in three forest communities (mountainous rainforest, tropical rainforest and monsoon evergreen broad leaved forest) in the Naban Basin Nature Reserve. The results showed that all soils were acidic and slightly acidic, the nutrients were rich, but the contents of total phosphorus, total potassium and available phosphorus were low; the organic matter content followed an order of mountainous rainforest＞ monsoon evergreen broad leaved forest＞ tropical rainforest; the contents of total nitrogen were in great difference, which were in an order of mountainous rainforest＞ tropical rainforest＞ monsoon evergreen broad leaved forest; the contents of soil total phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium were in great difference, all followed an order of tropical rainforest＞ mountainous rainforest＞ monsoon evergreen broad leaved forest; the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen and hydrolyzable nitrogen in all forests decreased progressively with the increases of soil depth, the variation of the contents of total phosphorus and total potassium was not significant in different soil layers; under different forest communities, the organic matter content was closely related with the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and available potassium.

  Effect of Tillage Method and Straw Mulching on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Peanut Yield 2017, 33 (5):  61-65.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16050147 Abstract + ( 674 )   PDF ( 490KB )   ( 403 ) In order to provide technical basis for peanut high-yield and wheat straw reasonable use in vertisol area, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of tillage method (no-tillage and ridge culture) and straw mulching on soil physicochemical properties and peanut yield using split-plot randomized block design. The results showed that in peanut flowering period, the treatment of ridge tillage with wheat straw mulching had the highest temperature and salinity content in topsoil, but it had the lowest water content; in peanut harvest period, the treatment of ridge tillage with wheat straw mulching had the highest pH value in topsoil, but it had the lowest soil bulk density; in different development stages of peanut, leaf SPAD values in ridge tillage with wheat straw mulching were the biggest; peanut yield of ridge tillage with wheat straw mulching was the highest, compared with no-tillage without wheat straw mulching and no-tillage with wheat straw mulching, the yield increased by 664.7 and 818.1 kg/hm2, and the yield increase rate was 19.4% and 25.0%, respectively. Under three modes such as no-tillage without wheat straw mulching, ridge tillage with wheat straw mulching and no-tillage with wheat straw mulching, yield of‘Yuanza 9307’was 13.8%, 9.9% and 15.8% higher than that of‘Yuanza 6’. Overall, peanut yield of‘Yuanza 9307’in ridge tillage with 4500 kg/hm2 wheat straw mulching was the highest of 4290.0 kg/hm2, which could improve soil physical and chemical properties, it could be recommended for application demonstration in peanut production.

  Pentavalent Arsenic Adsorption Ability of Iron Oxides Formed on Reed Root Surface in Water 2017, 33 (5):  66-71.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16050112 Abstract + ( 794 )   PDF ( 660KB )   ( 381 ) Reed is perennial wetland vegetation, whose root has the ability to release oxygen and oxidants into the rhizosphere, and form iron oxides at the root surface or rhizosphere. According to the amphoteric colloid ability of reed root biogenic iron oxides, the iron oxides were used as adsorbing material obtained by the methods of both direct obtaining and high temperature carbonization, the adsorption effect of this material to pentavalent arsenic [As (V)] was studied by isotherm method. The results showed that the As (V) adsorption ability of iron oxides under acidic condition was significantly higher than that in neutral or alkaline condition. The adsorption content increased with the increase of As concentration in the external medium solution, when the As concentration was 200 mg/L, the adsorption content of two iron oxides treatments reached (17.00±3.25) and (12.82±1.01) mg/g, respectively. The adsorption of As by iron oxides could be well described by Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal adsorption model. The maximum adsorption amounts of As obtained by Langmuir isotherm equation were (17.72±1.09) and (21.94±6.74) mg/g, respectively. Therefore, the biogenic iron oxides had strong absorption ability to As (V). Overall consideration of the adsorption ability and the feasibility of polluted water management, iron oxides treated by high temperature carbonization were better than that of direct obtaining.

  Pan EvaporaPan Evaporation Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Linfen for 37 Years 戴临栋,左洪超,陈伯龙,苗文辉 and 杨宾 2017, 33 (5):  72-76.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16100100 Abstract + ( 971 )   PDF ( 552KB )   ( 441 ) Based on the data of pan evaporation and related meteorological elements for nearly 37 years of 1977-2013 from 17 meteorological observations in Linfen, the climate change characteristics and influencing factors of pan evaporation were analyzed by using methods of linear tendency analysis, accumulative anomaly and complete correlation coefficient. The results showed that: evaporation contribution in summer and spring was prominent, which accounted for about 39.3% and 34.0% respectively throughout the year, the followed by evaporation in autumn and winter, and evaporation in winter was least. Pan evaporation for 37 years presented a declining volatility trend; the evaporation in the four seasons had a downward trend, and the decline of evaporation in summer was most obvious, followed by autumn; besides, the change rate of evaporation in summer, autumn, spring and winter were -26.30 mm/10 a, -16.47 mm/10 a, -10.47 mm/10 a, -7.91 mm/10 a, respectively. From the point of decadal characteristics, decadal change of the overall annual evaporation in Linfen presented “increase-reduce” trend; from the view of seasonal change characteristics, the spring presented “reduce-increase” trend, summer and autumn presented “increase-reduce” trend, winter presented reducig trend. There were obviously positive correlation between evaporation and temperature, sunshine hours, diurnal range, but there were negative correlation between evaporation and precipitation, vapor pressure, relative humidity. The temperature, sunshine hours were the major factors affecting the downward pan evaporation in Linfen.

  Causes of Potential Evapotranspiration Change in Yunnan During 1981-2011 2017, 33 (5):  77-84.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16040033 Abstract + ( 767 )   PDF ( 730KB )   ( 367 ) The paper aims to explore the relationship between ET0 and climate change in Yunnan for enhancing forecast accuracy of drought occurrence. Based on data of 52 meteorological stations in Yunnan from 1981 to 2011, the causes for ET0 change were analyzed by using sensitivity coefficient and the contribution rate, with the ET0 estimated by Penman-Monteith equation, including the annual ET0 (ET0,y) and the yearly ET0 of four seasons (ET0,w, ET0,s, ET0,e, ET0,u). The results showed that: (1) the order of sensitivity degree of ET0 in Yunnan to climatic factors was: the average temperature＞relative humidity＞sunshine hours＞wind speed; though the relative humidity was a high sensitive factor, its impact on ET0 was lower than average temperature and sunshine hours; (2) the leading factor of ET0 change in Yunnan had periodicity; the decreasing sunshine hours was the main factor leading to the decrease of ET0,y in 1981-1990, and in 1991-2011 the rising of average temperature was the leading factor of the ET0,y increase; (3) the leading factor of ET0 change in Yunnan had the seasonal characteristics; in 1981-1990, the leading factor of the increase of ET0,w in winter was the average temperature, and the leading factor of the other three seasons was the sunshine hours which led to their ET0 decrease; in 1991- 2011, the rising of average temperature was the dominating factor leading to the increase of ET0,w and ET0,u, and the leading factor of both the decrease of ET0,s and the increase of ET0,e was sunshine hours.

  Density of Main Hazardous Weeds in New and Old Tea Plantations in Anxi, Fujian 2017, 33 (5):  85-89.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16030154 Abstract + ( 604 )   PDF ( 518KB )   ( 711 ) In order to control weeds effectively in tea plantations, the density, species and life forms of main hazardous weeds were investigated and analyzed in new and old tea plantations in Anxi, Fujian from 2012 to 2014. The results of weeds density showed that new and old tea plantation had 27 and 33 species of weeds, respectively. The results of weeds species showed that the proportion of Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae and Poaceae weeds was the highest, which occupied 22.22%, 11.11% and 25.93% in new tea plantation, and 12.12%, 12.12% and 18.18% in old tea plantation, respectively. The results of weeds life forms showed that annual weeds were the main hazardous weeds in tea plantations, which occupied 77.78% of the total weeds in new tea plantation and 69.70% in old tea plantation. In conclusion, the major weeds in new tea plantation were Pennisetum alopecuroides Setaira viridis Digitaria sanguinalis, while those in old tea plantation were Pennisetum alopecuroides Eleusine indic Digitaria sanguinalis. The predominant weeds in tea plantations were poaceae and annual weeds. This study provided basic data for the diversity analysis of weeds in tea plantations of Anxi and provided foundation for integrated weeds management.

  Effects of Trichoderma asperellum Fermentation Broth on Antioxidant System and Lipid Peroxidation of Alternaria solani Sorauer 2017, 33 (5):  90-94.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16030180 Abstract + ( 902 )   PDF ( 612KB )   ( 466 ) The activities of defensive enzymes in Alternaria solani including SOD, CAT, POD, and the GSH contents and changes of conductivity of MDA were analyzed during the period of 30 h under Trichoderma asperellum fermentation broth stress, in order to study the effects of T. asperellum broth on defensive enzymes and lipid peroxidation of A. solani. The results showed that the contents of MDA of the treated and control groups of A. solani both increased; and the contents of MDA among the treated groups were 3.10-4.03-fold as high as that of the control groups. Being treated with T. asperellum, the activities of CAT, SOD and POD of A. solani, and the contents of GSH in A. solani all decreased in different degrees compared with that of the control groups. The CAT, SOD and POD activities were decreased by 38.99%-55.51%, 9.00%-37.11% and 34.70%- 55.84% , respectively. The contents of GSH were decreased by 5.33%- 81.36% . Being treated with T. asperellum fermentation broth, the conductivity rate of A. solani increased with the increase of treatment time; the conductivity rate was increased by 92.41% after 30 h treatment compared with that of control group. These results showed the activities of defensive enzymes and contents of GSH in A. solani were decreased, whereas its conductivity and contents of MDA were increased by the T. asperellum fermentation broth, resulting in the inhibition of growth and development of A solani.

  Optimization of Bovine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Technology System 2017, 33 (5):  95-100.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16060124 Abstract + ( 544 )   PDF ( 987KB )   ( 430 ) To improve the quality of oocyte maturation and developmental competence of nuclear transfer embryos, different concentrations of IGF and FBS were added into oocyte mature medium and embryo nutrient medium, respectively. Then maturation rate, cleavage rate, blastocyst rate were tested to explore the effect of IGF and FBS on bovine oocyte maturation culture and nuclear transfer embryo development. The results showed that adding 40 ng/mL IGF in mature medium and 20% FBS in nutrient medium, maturation rate, cleavage rate, blastocyst rate were significantly increased. The results would lay a foundation for optimizing bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer technology in the future.

  Bioinformatics Analysis of CGN Protein in Dairy Cows 2017, 33 (5):  101-106.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16090022 Abstract + ( 613 )   PDF ( 628KB )   ( 431 ) The aim is to explore the property and function of CGN in dairy cows. The bioinformatics was used to predict the amino acid sequence, secondary structure, tertiary structure and biological function of CGN, using online database biological database. Sequence analysis indicated that CGN was hydrophilic untransmembrane protein, and its cleavage position of the signal peptide was located between the 20th and 21st site of amino acid. The secondary structure of CGN was primarily composed of alpha helix and random coil, and the biological effects of CGN were performed in the plasma membrane. Biological function prediction indicated that the function of CGN might be involved in the biological process of hormone, growth factor, stress response and immune response. Phylogenetics analysis showed that the CGN of dairy cows was close to that of Bison, Bos mutus and Bubalus bubalis in the phylogenetic tree, which showed highly homology. This study provides a theoretical basis for further research on CGN and disease-resistant breeding of dairy cows.

  Enzyme and Lactic Acid Bacteria Affecting Fermentation Quality of Mixed Silage of Perennial Ryegrass and Corn Straw 李龙兴, and 2017, 33 (5):  107-111.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16060043 Abstract + ( 565 )   PDF ( 548KB )   ( 1804 ) To research the effects of adding enzyme and lactic acid bacteria on the fermentation quality of mixed ensilage of perennial ryegrass and corn straw, four treatments including control(C), enzyme(E), lactic acid bacteria(LAB), enzyme and lactic acid bacteria(E LAB) were set. The fermentation quality of the mixed ensilage was analyzed after ensiling for 60 days. The results showed that adding enzyme or/and lactic acid bacteria could improve fermentation quality of mixed silage. The pH, contents of propionic and butyric acid in treatment E, LAB, and E LAB were significantly decreased(P<0.05), while the contents of LA, CP and WSC were higher than those in the control. Value of AN/TN in treatment E, LAB, and E LAB were lower than those in the control. Contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in E and E LAB were lower than that of other treatments, but there were no significantly difference between LAB and the control. The results of V-Score showed that the silage added with lactic acid bacteria alone had highest score. Therefore, it was suggested that adding lactic acid bacteria alone was suitable to improve the fermentation quality of mixed ensilage of perennial ryegrass and corn straw.

  Normal Value of Tibial Nerve Somatosensory Evoked Potentials in Beagle Dogs Li Tuo,Cong Xinyu,Kong Xueli,Zhu Yuxin,Zhang Yin,Jiang Daixun and Chen Wu 2017, 33 (5):  112-115.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16110122 Abstract + ( 615 )   PDF ( 502KB )   ( 346 ) The aims of the experiment are to determine the tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) waveforms in beagle dogsand measure the normal values of the latency period and amplitude. Fifteen healthy Beagle dogs were tested under isoflurane inhalation anesthesia. The tibial nerve was stimulated by electricity with electromyography evoked potentiometer. The self-made reference electrode and the recording electrode were respectively placed at the head Fz point and Cz pointto record SEP waveform. The results showed that fifteen Beagle dogs could record clear bidirectional SEP waveforms by stimulating the left and right tibial nerves. The latency period of the waveforms triggered by stimulation of the left tibial nerve was P (21.71±1.978) ms, N (32.61±2.568) ms, P-N (10.90±1.338) ms, and the coefficient of variation respectively was 9.11%, 7.87%, 12.88%. The amplitude was (2.762±1.230) μV and its coefficient of variation was 41.47%. The latency of the waveforms triggered by stimulation of the right tibial nerve were P (21.49±1.985) ms, N (32.55±2.359) ms, P-N (11.06±1.153) ms, and the coefficient of variation respectively was9.24%, 7.25%, 10.24%. The amplitude was (2.634±1.092) μV and its coefficient of variation was 44.55%.There was no significant difference in latency period and amplitude between right and left side (P>0.05). The SEP waveforms, normal values of the latency period and amplitude of each wave were obtained by measuring the tibial nerve SEPs in normal Beagle dogs. This confirms that the stability of the latency period is superior to the stability of the amplitude. These results can provide a reference for the study of SEP in dogs under pathological conditions, and alsofor the clinical application of SEP in the diagnosis of diseases.

  Analyzing Pyrolysis Products of Honeysuckle by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer 2017, 33 (5):  116-121.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16040170 Abstract + ( 686 )   PDF ( 486KB )   ( 388 ) The aim is to study the feasibility of casing honeysuckle to cigarette to improve sensory quality. Honeysuckle powder was pyrolyzed using online pyrolytic technology to simulate cigarette smoking, and the aerobic pyrolysis products were analyzed by GC- MS. The products of honeysuckle pyrolyzed with rapidly programmed temperature in nitrogen-oxygen mixture containing 9% oxygen were identified with NIST library and AMDIS (Automatic Mass Spectral Deconvolution and Identification System), and more than 80 kinds of components were identified including many aldehydes, ketones, esters, phenols, alkanes, benzene series and others, more than 30 components were related to cigarette sensory quality mostly. Some aerobic pyrolysis products were main components constituting cigarette aroma, and they could improve sensory quality of cigarette.

  Fatty Acid Composition of Spore Oil from Ganoderma lucidum: A Comparison with Six Other Vegetable Oils 2017, 33 (5):  122-127.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16040055 Abstract + ( 692 )   PDF ( 651KB )   ( 392 ) This study analyzed the composition similarity of fatty acids between spore oil from Ganoderma lucidum and six different vegetable oils, and discussed the possibility to indentify the Ganoderma lucidum spore oil using infrared spectroscopy. The composition of fatty acids of Ganoderma lucidum spore oil and six other vegetable oils were analyzed by gas chromatograph (GC). And their infrared spectra informations were collected by fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The fatty acids composition among different commercial brands of Ganoderma lucidum spore oils were close. Hierarchical clustering analysis based on the composition of fatty acids showed that spore oil from Ganoderma lucidum was most similar to rapeseed oil, followed by peanut oil and olive oil. Using the absorption peak at 1397.4 cm-1, 967.1 cm-1 and 913.7 cm-1, infrared spectroscopy can distinguish Ganoderma lucidum spore oil from other vegetable oils. The characteristic of infrared spectroscopy that can distinguish these spore oils from other vegetable oils provides a fast and effective way for Ganoderma lucidum spore oil authenticity identification.

  Study on Mapping Knowledge Domains of Transgenic Maize: Based on Citespace 程景民 and 李欣彤 2017, 33 (5):  128-132.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16050013 Abstract + ( 893 )   PDF ( 842KB )   ( 490 ) To analyze the hotspots and trend of the study on global transgenic maize, the paper collected literature on transgenic maize from 2005 to 2015 which are included in the core journals in the database of Web science as samples and used Citespace for visual analysis of mapping knowledge domain of studies on transgenic maize, based on the bibliometric method. As a result, 2701 pieces of documents have been sifted out from 2851 pieces of documents which have been retrieved according to the search strategy, the literature are in a stable situation and show a tendency of increase. The paper analyzed the scientific knowledge graphs on co-authors analysis network, co-institutions analysis network, author co-citation analysis network, citation analysis network and keyword co-appearance network by using Citespace software. Therefore, in cluster analysis, it is found that in the study on transgenic maize, Chinese scholars and institutions hold an advantage in quantity while the citation of foreigners’ literature is higher than Chinese. Besides, the focus of global research is mainly about flora, genes, protein and resistant, etc.

  Evaluation System of Transformation Ability in Innovation Achievement of Crop Varieties ——Taking Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences as an Example 2017, 33 (5):  133-138.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16040182 Abstract + ( 806 )   PDF ( 542KB )   ( 469 ) The aim of the study is to speed up the transformation and application of crop variety innovative achievements and to construct a reasonable evaluation system of transformation ability on crop varieties. Four factors including human resources, scientific basis, achievement outcome and transformation were chosen to construct the evaluation system using Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process method. Then achievement transformation ability of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 2012 to 2014 was analyzed using the system. The results showed that the four factors all presented an increasing trend from 2012 to 2014. Among them, the achievement transformation ability of crop varieties in 2014 increased by 66.9% and 30.1% compared with that of 2012 and 2013, respectively. Finally, according to the evaluation results, some suggestions including strengthening basic construction, paying more attention to personnel training and achievement output, and improving transformation efficiency were proposed for improving transformation ability of crop varieties achievements in Jiangsu Province.

  Spatial Distribution Evolution of Cassava Planting in Guangxi Based on ESDA 2017, 33 (5):  139-145.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080090 Abstract + ( 661 )   PDF ( 1647KB )   ( 325 ) To rationally plan the planting structure in Guangxi and promote competitiveness of cassava industry, the exploratory spatial data analysis method was used to analyze the spatial distribution, gathering situation and variation of cassava planting in 88 counties of Guangxi in 2000, 2011, 2012 and 2013, and the influencing factors of spatial distribution evolution. The results showed that cassava planting in Guangxi had a trend of shifting to south, and north-south differentiation appeared. The line f“Longzhou—Fuchuan”divided Guangxi into two parts, and gradually formed a tripartite confrontation situation; cassava planting in Guangxi had a significantly positive spatial dependence, besides, the phenomenon of geographical clustering gradually changed from weakening to enhancement. The results of Moran scatter plot showed that the H-H clustering regions increased as well as L-L regions, and the individual differences were larger between the research units in the H-H clustering regions. Lisa clustering showed that a diffusion effect came out in local scope of Guangxi cassava planting, and the South- high- North- low spatial concentration distribution pattern appeared. The combined action of natural resources, the capacity of local cassava processing factories, the comparative effectiveness, the number of migrant workers and the wage income of rural households were the main reasons for the change of spatial distribution. The spatial correlation of cassava planting in Guangxi was identified, which laid a foundation for the spatial optimization and industrial development in cassava planting industry.

  Land Expropriation Willingness of Land-lost Farmers and Its Influencing Factors in Urbanization Process: A Case Study in Hami, Xinjiang Province 2017, 33 (5):  146-149.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16050009 Abstract + ( 742 )   PDF ( 504KB )   ( 337 ) In order to explore land expropriation willingness and its influencing factors, based on interview and questionnaire survey, the land expropriation willingness of land-lost farmers in Hami City was investigated, and the factors influencing the willingness were analyzed by Logistic regression model. The results showed that satisfaction of land expropriation compensation, land expropriation area, life satisfaction after land expropriation, family population and age had significant influence on land expropriation willingness of landlost farmers. Therefore, the authors suggested that government should not only protect farmers’rights and interests in the process of land expropriation, but also increase employment and entrepreneurial opportunities, provide employment training, improve social insurance and endowment insurance and perfect compensation mechanism, so as to fully guarantee the sustainable livelihood of land-lost farmers.

  Consumption Level and Structure of Rural Residents in Heilongjiang Province 王兆国 and 王杜春 2017, 33 (5):  150-158.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15050077 Abstract + ( 708 )   PDF ( 760KB )   ( 684 ) In order to find out the reasons of continuously decreasing consumption rate of rural residents in Heilongjiang Province, and to explore the consumption potential of rural residents, based on the data during 2000—2012 in Heilongjiang Province, we statistically analyzed the consumption level, consumption structure and the changing tendency of consumption of rural residents. The results showed that the income and consumption gaps between urban and rural residents were very large. The income gap among rural residents was large, but the consumption gap was not big. Although the consumption tendency was high, the purchasing power was weak, and the consumption was still in survival level. Finally, some suggestions, such as developing benefiting-farmers policies and broadening income channels of rural residents, were put forward according to the actual situations of Heilongjiang Province.

  People’s Livelihood Characteristics of Forest Tourism Areas in Hunan Province 2017, 33 (5):  159-164.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15040116 Abstract + ( 532 )   PDF ( 594KB )   ( 343 ) In order to understand deeply about the effects of carrying out forest tourism for local residents in Hunan province and shows of the characteristics of the people''s livelihood. This paper selects villages locating in or around Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, Dawei Mountain National Forest Park and Mangshan National Forest Park as the research object. The paper collected relevant data from August 20th to 25th of 2013 by means of questionnaire survey and interview . The results were following: (1)In the forest tourism area, the structure of household is stable in which the labors are strong and well healthy and lack of religious belief. Meanwhile their education was much lower, which led to narrow channels of employment.(2)The income are positive correlation significantly with the local tourism income and the per capital consumption is higher than the average level of rural residents in Hunan Province in the same period.(3) The social security cause is more perfect and the infrastructure is obviously improved, but the mass entertainments and fitness facilities are deficiency; (4) Ecological and social environment in part of forest tourism areas was destroyed and social unrest increased, but the effective use of resources has increased.