Abstract: To provide scientific basis for combination of farming and animal husbandry and control of livestock and poultry manure pollution, the total amount of phosphorus from livestock and poultry manure, the given amount and loading capacity of phosphorus per unit field in China were calculated. The results showed that the total amount of phosphorus from livestock and poultry manure was 638.9 thousand ton in China, and the proportion of phosphorus from swine, cow, beef, laying hens and broiler manure was 34.8%, 13.4%, 6.5%, 2.5% and 42.7%, respectively. Shandong Province occupied 17.3% of the total amount of phosphorus in China, which was the largest, followed by Henan Province (13.2% ) and Hebei Province (9.1% ). The amount of phosphorus per unit area in cultivated area and sown area was 29.4 and 24.1 kg/hm2 in Beijing, both were the highest and were less than the safety critical point of 35 kg/hm2. The loading capacity of phosphorus in most provinces was less than 0.5 based on the EU standard which took 35 kg P/hm2 as the safety capacity, and Beijing had the highest loading capacity which was 0.84 in cultivated area. Thus the potential of the loading capacity of livestock and poultry manure is still large in China, and application of livestock and poultry manure in farmland could effectively control manure pollution.