Abstract: To understand the biological effect of soil antibiotic pollution in real farmland conditions, a plot experiment with soil sulfadimidine pollution levels ranging from 0 to 100 mg.kg-1 was designed. The experiment were conducted for planting two consecutive season vegetable crops to investigate the dynamic effects of soil sulfadimidine pollution concentrations on growths of earthworm, nematodes, microorganisms (bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi), vegetables, and accumulation of sulfadimidine in earthworm and vegetables. The results showed that the pollution concentrations of sulfadimidine which affect significantly the growth of earthworms, nematodes, bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi and vegetables at initial stage (10th d) of the experiment were 100, 50, 10, 100, 100, and 100 mg.kg-1, respectively. Compared with the control, degree of the effect decreased with the time of planting, and increased with increasing initial concentration of the antibiotics. Overall, the sensitivity of all kinds of organisms to sulfadimidine decreased in the sequence of bacteria > actinomycetes > fungi > vegetables > earthworms. Biological effect of antibiotics pollution at the first season vegetables is greater than that of the second season. The concentrations of sulfadimidine accumulated in earthworms were significantly higher than that of the vegetables in the same period. But concentration of sulfadimidine in both earthworms and vegetables were much lower than the corresponding soil. The contents of antibiotics in the upper part of vegetables at the first stage were higher than those in the later stage. The results also showed that the response of bacteria to soil antibiotics was much more sensitive than that of soil animals and plants, and abundance of bacteria can be used to indicate antibiotics pollution of soil.