Effects of Long-term Straw Returning on Soil Fertility Under Rice Rape Rotation System

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16050028

Abstract

Abstract: Based on two long-term straw returning experiments (Wuxue for 8 years and Jingzhou for 3 years) in Hubei Province, the effect of conventional tillage (W1), straw returning plus conventional tillage (W2), notillage (W3), straw returning plus no-tillage (W4) in Wuxue and NP fertilizer (J1), NPK fertilizer (J2), straw returning plus NP fertilizer (J3), straw returning plus NPK fertilizer (J4) in Jingzhou on soil fertility were studied. The results showed that: (1) both in Wuxue and Jingzhou, the nutrient contents (total nitrogen, organic matter, alkaki-hydrolyzable N, available P and available K) of the topsoil (0~20 cm) were significantly higher compared with that of the subsoil (20~40 cm), straw returning and no-tillage could effectively improve the content of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in topsoil, and treatment W4 and J4 had the best effects, compared with treatment W1, treatment W4 increased the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen by 1.72%-37.55% and 2.09%-15.79%, respectively, and compared with treatment J1, treatment J4 increased the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen by 1.41%-21.90% and 5.83-16.83%, the content of soil organic matter was generally higher in rape season than that in rice season; (2) straw returning significantly improved the contents of soil available nutrients (alkaki- hydrolyzable N, available P and available K) in topsoil, especially the growth of available K content; (3) compared with treatment W1 and J1, treatment W2 and J3 reduced bulk density of topsoil (respectively reduced by 7.81% and 2.39%), increased soil total porosity (respectively increased by 4.75% and 1.14%) and capillary porosity (respectively increased by 3.77% and 9.40%). Consequently, straw returning could effectively increase the soil nutrient content, decrease the soil bulk density and increase the soil porosity, it had a positive effect on improving soil fertility.

References

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