Abstract: The paper aims to clarify the agricultural climate resources change of Inner Mongolia and its impact on farmland coverage since 1960. Using every 10 days meteorological data from 105 weather stations in Inner Mongolia from 1960 to 2015, climatic diagnosis was done from 3 aspects, including the central trend test, annual stability test, change trend test. The author used GIMMS-NDVI data from 1982 to 2006 to analyze the characteristics and changes of farmland vegetation, combined with the daily meteorological data from 116 weather stations, GIS spatial interpolation was used to achieve the transform of site data from point to the surface, meteorological elements raster data projection method and pixel were consistent with GIMMS NDVI data. Farmland’s NDVI and the relationship between temperature and precipitation conditions in synchronization were analyzed by GIS spatial analysis, statistical analysis, trend analysis and correlation analysis. The results showed that: (1) since 2000, the seasonal mean temperature and annual average temperature of Inner Mongolia all showed a linear trend with significant increase; annual precipitation was relatively stable in most regions; the amount of precipitation increased in spring, while decreased in summer, and had no obvious change in autumn, and increased in east-central part and decreased in west part in winter while the changes were not significant; (2) the annual distribution of farmland NDVI presented an open downward unimodal curve; the annual average, average in summer, peak value of farmland NDVI rose significantly, but passed the stability test, there was no significant change in 2000; (3) the moisture in spring affected the pros and cons between temperature and vegetation cover.