Abstract: In order to study the rapid composting of kitchen wastes and pollution reduction technology, the compost technology of adding rotten microbial twice and two-step compost at 52.5 and 57.5℃ was adopted, the suitable application amount and the effect of leaching loss reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus were studied by luffa field experiment. The results showed that the activity of protease and sucrose increased by 24% and 56% under two-step compost compared with that under CK, the compost time decreased by 40%. At the end of compost, the germination rate of luffa seeds reached 83% and the quality fraction of water was 29%, which met the level of compost. Combined application of chemical fertilizer and kitchen organic fertilizer could increase the yield of luffa by 2409 kg/hm², the growth rate of was 11.3%. The total N and total P concentration in leaching water of earth pillar decreased by 6.5% and 7.8%, respectively, compared with that of CK. The results showed that two-step compost could reduce the compost time obviously, and the combined application of kitchen waste could increase luffa yield and decrease the leaching loss of nitrogen and phosphorus.