Abstract: Based on the study of the causes and characteristics of an abrupt rainstorm and a systematic rainstorm in Qingyang, Gansu, the authors aim to provide references for the severe rainstorm weather forecast and earlier warning. The conventional meteorological data and diagnostic analysis technology were used to make comparative analysis of the“7.10”abrupt rainstorm and“7.18”systemic rainstorm in Qingyang. The results showed that: (1) the two rainstorms both had low slot at 500 hPa and upper level jet, as well as being upper-cold lower-warm, and the water vapor were from the bay of Bengal, the mesoscale cloud was more active with higher organization degree; (2) the main influencing system of the“7.10”abrupt rainstorm was the shear line, convergence line and the vortex between the two uppers, with a smaller range;“7.18”systemic rainstorm was northeast vortex decline cold air, plateau trough and low-level jet, with a large range and long duration time; (3) the temperature and humidity conditions of“7.10”rainstorm was better, and“7.18”storm water vapor transport channel was more smooth, convergence was more obvious, and ascending motion was more stronger; (4) compared with the“7.18”rainstorm,“7.10”rainstorm had greater instability energy, higher CAPE value and stronger vertical wind shear, but the vertical movement and the convergence divergence were weaker; (5) the“7.10”rainstorm was mainly dominated by isolated convective clouds with very low TBB; “7.18”rainstorm were mainly dominated by mixed cloud with lower TBB.