Abstract: In this paper, in order to get the best Nitrogen and Phosphorus fertilizer rate,we study the effects of different treatments of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on growth and yield of Isatis indigotica Fort in the eastern Gansu province. The results showed that the each treatments’ leaf length,leaf width and leaf number exhibited a trend of “to decrease after the first increase, and again the second time increase” in the whole growth period.Both root length and root diameter were showed a increase trend of “fast-slow” in the whole growth stages.The treatment two leaf length and root length is longest in the six treatments,which is 33.6cm and 24.4cm respectively.Treatment five leaf width,leaf number and root diameter is largest in the six treatments,which is 8.6cm,21.2 and 2.16cm respectively.Variance analysis showed that treatment two leaf yield and biological yield and treatment five root output is largest in the six treatments,and Compared to others treatments were extremely significant differences under the 5% level.The leaf yield and biological yield of Treatment two is 0.112kg and 16.77kg respectively,the root output of treatment five is 0.056kg. According to the yield of leaf and root,treatment five is the best choice.