Abstract: In order to forecast short-term heavy precipitation accurately and timely in Baotou, the author did diagnostic analysis of the weather process of a short-term heavy precipitation during August 1-2, 2014 in BaoTou by using conventional observation data, automatic station data, TBB data of FY-2E satellite and the NCEP reanalysis (1°×1°) data. The results showed that: the cold vortex of Lake Baikal developed into the favorable large scale circulation background, the low level shear line and ground inverse trough were the main system of the short-term heavy precipitation; beyond that, the development of meso-micro scale system and the strong release of unstable energy were the main reasons. The convective clouds of low TBB (-45℃ to -53℃) also led to the occurrence of the heavy precipitation, the low value areas of TBB corresponded to heavy precipitation centers, and the TBB field could directly reflect the distribution and intensity of heavy precipitation.