Abstract: [Objective] In order to balance the contradiction between agricultural land, construction land and ecological protection in the construction of ecological civilization, [Method] from the perspective of land development and utilization, the demands of evaluation techniques of resource and environmental resources carrying capacity in the context of ecological civilization construction were analyzed. The evaluation techniques of resource and environmental carrying capacity were constructed with the factors including land resources, mineral resources, geological environment, and ecological environment. Miluo city of Hunan province was an example. [Result] The results showed that the technical ideas of evaluation of resource and environmental carrying capacity should from social economy and population into resources and environmental endowment and development in the context of ecological civilization construction. The connotation of evaluation of resource and environmental carrying capacity was defined as a support capacity of satisfying regional economic development without destroying its ecological environment. The evaluation results of Miluo city showed that there were 10 towns carrying capacity surplus, 4 towns carrying capacity balance, and 1 town carrying capacity overload. [Conclusion] The evaluation results were consistent with the actual situation, provided the possibility for elaboration, differentiation and related policies, planning, etc., achieved the goal of coordinating the rational allocation of land space in the context of ecological civilization construction.