Abstract: To study the effects of different microbial fertilizers on tobacco, two kinds of microbial fertilizers were used as test fertilizer and‘Yunyan 87’was used as the test material. A comparison experiment was carried out on growth, agronomic traits, disease resistance, tobacco qualities and their main economic characteristics. The results showed that the average growth period of the three treatments was 101 days. Compared with the control, the yield and output value of tobacco increased by 115.50 kg/hm2 and 4806.45 yuan/hm2 by using the Engran microbial fertilizer, and the proportion of superior tobacco increased by 2.73%. In addition, the structure of tobacco leaves was sparse, and leaves had a little oil, and the chemical components were better than the control. The tobacco with Engran microbial agent had better disease resistance than other treatments. Compared with the control, the yield and output value of tobacco with Baode biological fertilizer increased by 49.50 kg/hm2 and 1669.80 yuan/hm2, respectively, and the proportion of superior tobacco increased by 1.01% compared with that of the control. At the same time, the structure of tobacco leaf was slightly dense, and the leaves had less oil, and the weight of simple leaf was the heaviest in the three treatments. Overall, the chemical components of tobacco leaf were optimal with Baode biological fertilizer. In general, both microbial fertilizers could increase the yield, the Engran microbial agent has better effect on field growth, but lower tobacco quality compared with Baode biological fertilizer. The tobacco with Baode biological fertilizer has better coordination of intrinsic chemical components and superior sensory evaluation.