Functions and Mechanisms of PLDs in Adversity Stress Responses

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17120042

Abstract

Abstract: Membrane phospholipid is the important source in generating intracellular signaling messengers. Phospholipase Ds can catalyze phospholipids to produce phosphatidic acid, and thus participate in the signaling process. Phospholipase Ds play important roles in phospholipase family, 12 PLD genes are identified inArabidopsis , 10 of which have the N-terminal C2 domain, whose biochemical properties are significantly different. Phospholipase Ds and phosphatidic acids display the overlapping or unique cellular signaling transduction under different stresses. PLDα 1, PLDδ and PLDα 3 positively regulate the response to ABA signaling in drought stress; PLDα 1, PLDδ , PLDα 3, PLDζ s and PLDε are in response to salt stress; PLDδ -PA and PLDα-PA play opposite roles in freezing stress; PLDζ 1 and PLDζ 2 regulate the growth of roots positively under phosphorus starving; PLDε responds differently under different nitrogen levels. The mechanism of the specific function of phospholipase Ds mainly contains three categories: cellular regulation, membrane lipid remodeling and degradation. Cellular regulation contains two aspects, phospholipase D acts directly on proteins, such as the combination of GPA1 or GAPC; and indirectly affects proteins by the products of phospholipase Ds, such as phosphatidic acid (PA). The paper summarizes the biochemical property of phospholipase Ds, and its function and mechanism under adversity stress.

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