Abstract: Understanding the change characteristics of dry-wet climate condition in Great Xing’an Mountains forest range under the background of climate change, can provide a scientific basis for predicting forest fire and protecting forest resources in this area. Based on the daily precipitation data of 6 meteorological stations in Great Xing’an Mountains forest range from 1974 to 2016, the standardized precipitation index (SPI, Standardized Precipitation Index) was applied to analyze the change characteristics of dry-wet climate in this area. The results showed that the climate in Great Xing’an Mountains forest range showed wetting trends on annual scale and seasonal scale from 1974 to 2016. But the stage changes were obvious, especially since 21st Century, the dry-wet climate fluctuated fiercely. On annual scale, the climate condition in Huma showed drought trend, but in other stations showed wetting trend. On seasonal scale, the summer climate in Huma and the autumn climate in Tahe showed drought trend in different degree, but in other stations showed different degrees wetting trend in each seasons. And the correlation analysis results showed that the precipitation in summer plays a decisive role in the change of annual dry-wet climate conditions, and it is the main contributor to wet trend of the climate in Great Xing’an Mountains forest region.