Abstract: To explore the fertilizer effect of cotton variety‘Gangzamian 0623’and the reasonable fertilization method, and accelerate the popularization of‘Gangzamian 0623’, based on the‘3414’fertilizer experiment model, two levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilizers were recommended as 300, 150 and 300 kg/hm2, respectively. The fertilizer treatments were better than the control by comparing the yield components of cotton. N2P2K2 treatment showed the best performance. The yield of each treatment increased compared with the control, and the yield increased with the increasing of fertilizer rate. However, under the fertilizer treatment level three, the yield was lower than that under level two. The economic benefit of each treatment were compared and analyzed. The economic benefits of fertilizer treatments were higher than that of the control and N2P2K2 had the highest economic benefit, which was 14768.76 yuan/hm2. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the fertilizer rate, yield and economic benefits, it is found that the rational NPK fertilizer and the balanced fertilization are necessary to obtain the high yield and high economic benefits. In eastern Hubei Province, the fertilizer rate of‘Gangzamian 0623’is recommended as follows: N fertilizer 150- 200 kg/hm2, P fertilizer 90-100 kg/hm2, K fertilizer 150-200 kg/hm2.