Abstract: To accurately evaluate the adaptability of 11 maize varieties in northern Shanxi, major agronomic traits such as growth period, plant height and spike length are compared. And the principal component analysis (PCA) is conducted on the biological traits. The results showed that the adaptability of the test materials were all better in the region, the growth period was 127-130 days. Except the negative correlation between the baldness length and yield, there were all positive correlations between the spike length, grain number per line, ear row number, 1000-grain weight, the rate of seed and yield. The correlation coefficient between the spike length, grain number per line and the grain yield was 0.669 and 0.648, respectively, reached significant level (P ＜0.05). The cumulative contribution rate of the first four factors was 87.062%, representing most of the genetic information of the original factors. The first four factors were the composition factor of plant height, the composition factor of ear, composition factor of grain number and growth factor. According to the comprehensive scores of all varieties, the score of“Integrity 1611”is the highest, especially in the composition factor of plant height and the composition factor of ear, indicating that it is the most suitable variety in northern Shanxi.