Abstract: With rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, the contradiction between the economic development and ecological environmental protection is increasing. It is significant to coordinate the development of regional economic, social and ecological environment by objectively assessing the ecological security situation, change rule, influencing factors and conducting accurate early warning of ecological security in time. This study used the PSR model to construct the index system of ecological security evaluation in Anhui, combined with entropy method and AHP method to determine the weight of index, and to carry out the ecological security evaluation and early warning of Anhui from 2008 to 2013. The results showed that: the comprehensive index of ecological security in Anhui was on the rise, and most of the regions were in‘light warning’or‘no warning’; the ecological security index (ESI) was higher in the south and lower in the north; the ESI in southern Anhui was high, that in central Anhui was middle, and that in northern Anhui was low; ecological security in northern Anhui was greatly affected by pressure indicators, in central Anhui was greatly affected by state indicators, and in southern Anhui was greatly affected by response indicators. This study enriches the empirical cases and related theory system of ecological security research at provincial scale, and provides support for the government to make relevant decisions.