Abstract: “3414”fertilization design is used to study the effects of different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application levels on their utilization rate in potato, determine the optimum amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization, and develop soil testing and formulated fertilization in Cili Hunan. The results showed that the contribution rate of soil fertility to the test plot was 51.94%, the main factor affecting potato yield was potassium application, followed by phosphorus application, and then nitrogen application. The limiting factors affecting nutrient absorption of potato was the amount of nitrogen application, followed by the amount of phosphorus. The fertilizer utilization rate of nitrogen was 29.85%, that of phosphorus was 1.64%, and that of potassium was 50.39%, and the integrated fertilizer utilization ratio was 78.16%. The recommended maximum fertilization for potato is: N 208.35 kg/hm2, P2O5 117.3 kg/hm2, K2O 585.0 kg/hm2, under which the yield is 18862.95 kg/hm2. The optimum fertilization is: N 204.9 kg/hm2, P2O5 111.0 kg/hm2, K2O 585.0 kg/hm2, under which the yield is 18783.6 kg/hm2.